Knowledge Hub
Research Library
Curated research papers, books, and reports on parking, curb management, micromobility, waste management on the curb (kerbside), and last-mile logistics from leading institutions worldwide.
No Such Thing as Free Parking – Updated Cost Estimates
UCLA Parking Center•2026•UCLA ITS
Per-space parking cost estimates and how required parking drives construction costs.
The Impacts of Minimum Parking Requirements – Research Synthesis
UCLA ITS•2026•UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies
Synthesis of studies on parking requirements and outcomes in cities that repealed them.
2025-2026 Residential Solid Waste and Recycling Rate Study
City of Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability•2025•City of Portland, Oregon
Curbside collection service rate study for residential solid waste, recycling, and composting. Cost factors, service levels, and curb allocation for waste collection.
Waste Management Guidelines for Architects and Property Developers 2025
London Borough of Newham•2025•London Borough of Newham
Design and placement of waste storage, collection vehicle access, and capacity at the kerb. Guidelines for residential, commercial, and mixed-use developments.
Kerbside Management Policy Framework and Action Plan
Royal Borough of Greenwich•2025•Royal Borough of Greenwich
Policy framework for kerbside management including waste and recycling collection, bin placement, and use of curb space in London.
WRAP eTEEP Getting Started Guide: Kerbside Collection Assessment
WRAP•2025•WRAP (Waste and Resources Action Programme)
Assessment of kerbside waste and recycling collection systems. Compares costs and environmental impacts of different collection options for local authorities.
NSW Guide to Best Practice: Food Organics and Garden Organics (FOGO) Kerbside Collection
NSW Environment Protection Authority•2025•NSW EPA
Best practice for FOGO kerbside collection services. Supports councils in implementing organics recycling and managing curb space for bins.
Cutting Across the Curb: Recent Developments in Municipal Curb Management Policy in America and Canada
ScienceDirect / Transport Research•2025•Elsevier
Review of municipal curb management policies: freight, ride-hail PUDO, technology, and transit. Highlights siloed governance and competing curb uses.
New Measures to Improve Last-Mile Deliveries
LTA, URA Singapore•2025•Land Transport Authority & Urban Redevelopment Authority, Singapore
Delivery waiting bays toolkit, best practices guide, and rider safety. Tripartite Workgroup initiatives for curb and loading at developments.
National Waste and Resource Recovery Report 2024
Australian Government DCCEEW•2025•Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (Australia)
National waste generation and resource recovery data 2022–23. Context for kerbside collection and curb use for waste services across Australia.
SGL Unpacked: Kerbside Management Trial Final Report
Cross River Partnership•2025•Cross River Partnership (London)
Virtual loading bays and kerbside management trial in London (Camden, Lambeth, Richmond). Curb allocation for freight and delivery.
A Model for Optimally Allocating Curbside Space Among Competing Uses
NREL•2024•National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Analytical model for allocating curb space among ride-hailing, scooter corrals, delivery, and parking. Addresses lack of standard approaches for reallocating curb space.
The Evolution of Shared E-Scooter Systems in Europe: Governance, Impacts, and Future Directions
EU Urban Mobility Observatory•2024•European Commission
Case study of Paris, Berlin, Stockholm, Brussels: parking solutions, geofencing, permits, and national regulation. Relevant for Eastern European cities scaling e-scooters.
Careful What You Wish For: Practical Implications of Rules for Shared Micromobility
POLIS Network•2024•POLIS Network
Parking, speed limits, and enforcement for e-scooters and e-mopeds across European cities including Budapest and Eastern Europe. Challenges and recommendations.
Overview of Policy Relating to E-Scooters in European Countries
EU Urban Mobility Observatory•2024•European Commission
Comparative overview of e-scooter regulation across European countries, including Eastern Europe. Parking, curb use, and national frameworks.
Bringing Together Innovative Solutions to Enhance Last-Mile Deliveries
URA Singapore•2024•Urban Redevelopment Authority, Singapore
Courier Hub Scheme, delivery waiting bays, and exhibition on safe and efficient deliveries. Curb and loading management in Singapore.
Pattern Recognition for Curb Usage
UC Berkeley•2024•UC Institute of Transportation Studies
Automated curb usage pattern recognition using ML and dashcam footage. Bancroft Way Berkeley case.
MIT Senseable City Lab – Urban Mobility Projects
Carlo Ratti, Fábio Duarte et al.•2024•MIT
Real-time urban data, freight and mobility. Projects with cities worldwide.
Oxford Transport Studies Unit – Research
Tim Schwanen, David Banister et al.•2024•University of Oxford
Sustainable transport, urban accessibility, governance. TSU research outputs.
Plan de voirie – Mobiliers urbains (bancs, jardinières, corbeilles)
Ville de Paris•2024•Open Data Paris
Données ouvertes du plan de voirie : inventaire des mobiliers urbains (bancs, jardinières, corbeilles) à Paris.
Streets for People: Open Streets and the Future of Public Space Management in NYC
NYC Comptroller•2024•Office of the New York City Comptroller
Gestion des espaces publics et rues ouvertes Ă New York. Enjeux de financement, permis et mobilier.
Urban Freight Lab Research Publications
Anne Goodchild et al.•2023•University of Washington
Research on curb usage, freight optimization, and the last segment of urban deliveries.
Urban Freight Lab Research Publications
Anne Goodchild et al.•2023•University of Washington
Research on curb usage, freight optimization, and the last segment of urban deliveries.
The Opportunity Cost of Parking Requirements
UCLA Parking Center•2023•UCLA ITS
How minimum parking requirements drive up construction costs and curb allocation.
PARK Smarter: Lessons in Curb Pricing for New York City
Purva Kapshikar•2023•UC eScholarship
Demand-responsive curb pricing lessons from SF and Seattle for NYC.
Change for the Meter: Equity Implications of Market-Priced Parking
Elena Savignano•2023•UCLA / UC
How market-priced parking affects different demographic groups in Los Angeles.
Creative Reallocation of Curbs, Streets, Sidewalks
Susan Shaheen et al., UC Berkeley TSRC•2023•Transportation Sustainability Research Center
How curb space has been reallocated for ride-hail PUDO, delivery, EV charging, micromobility.
Transportation Research Board Curb Management Committee
TRB (academic and agency members)•2023•National Academies / TRB
Research and practice on curb management. Links to university and agency research.
Coordinated Street Furniture – Bus Shelters and Public Amenities
NYC DOT•2023•New York City Department of Transportation
Programme de mobilier coordonné : abris bus, kiosques, toilettes. Conception, entretien et franchise.
Public Space Stewardship Guide
SF Planning•2023•San Francisco Planning Department
Cinq modèles de gestion des espaces publics : partenariats, districts, PPP, communautés. Outils pour le mobilier et l'entretien.
Coordinated Street Furniture Program Agreement
City of Chicago•2023•City of Chicago
Convention de gestion du mobilier urbain coordonné à Chicago : conception, installation, entretien, financement par la publicité.
Infrastructure and Property Management – Urban Spaces
Grün Berlin•2023•Grün Berlin GmbH
Gestion des espaces verts, équipements et mobilier à Berlin. Parcs, feux, infrastructures linéaires.
Designing Safety, Building Belonging in Stockholm – Gender-Inclusive Public Space
CHANGE / Cities Alliance•2023•CHANGE – Cities for Women
Intégration du genre dans la gestion des espaces publics à Stockholm. Slussen, Rinkeby. Mobilier et sentiment de sécurité.
Customised Seating for Urban Sites – Stockholm Central Station
Nola•2023•Nola® Street Furniture
Banc sur mesure (Parco) à Vasagatan, gare centrale de Stockholm. Mobilier pour flux piétons et usages sociaux.
Managing the Curb: Impacts of On-Demand Mobility on Transit, Micromobility, and Pedestrians
Susan Shaheen, Elliot Martin, Adam Cohen, Jacquelyn Broader, Richard Davis•2022•Mineta Transportation Institute / US DOT
Curb planning and management through stakeholder interviews and user surveys. Analyzes how shared mobility and e-scooters change curbside needs and recommends frameworks for cities.
The Electric Assist: Leveraging E-bikes and E-Scooters for More Livable Cities
ITDP•2022•Institute for Transportation and Development Policy
Role of shared e-bikes and e-scooters in sustainable transport; policies across regions; recommendations for curb and street integration.
Pioneering Methods for Automated Curb Usage Pattern Recognition
UC Berkeley•2022•UC Institute of Transportation Studies
Machine learning and camera data for curb use patterns. Delivery vehicles, bus lane blockage.
Shared Micromobility Toolkit: Curb and Enforcement Policies
UC Berkeley, Adam Cohen et al.•2022•UC Berkeley ITS
Curb and enforcement policies for shared bikes and e-scooters. Best practices.
SF Municipal Transportation Agency Curb Management
SFMTA (with UC Berkeley research links)•2022•City of San Francisco
San Francisco curb management strategy. Dynamic pricing, loading zones, transit.
Atlas du mobilier urbain parisien
APUR•2022•Atelier Parisien d'Urbanisme (APUR)
Cartographie et documentation des éléments de mobilier urbain dans l'espace public parisien. Référence pour la gestion du mobilier.
Atlas of Parisian Street Furniture
APUR•2022•Paris Urban Planning Agency (APUR)
English version. Inventory and analysis of street furniture in Paris public space.
Vers une nouvelle esthétique parisienne – Mobilier urbain et végétalisation
Ville de Paris•2022•Mairie de Paris
Manifeste pour la beauté de Paris : désencombrement, végétalisation, harmonisation des matériaux et du mobilier. Suppression du mobilier jugé inesthétique.
Seven Workshops on Sharing Knowledge About Public Space – Contribution to the Manifesto for the New Parisian Aesthetic
APUR•2022•APUR
Ateliers sur l'espace public et le mobilier. Contribution au manifeste pour une nouvelle esthétique parisienne.
Paris launches a major clean-up of its street furniture
Le Monde•2022•Le Monde
Suppression d'une vingtaine de types de mobilier (poubelles Wilmotte, toilettes Decaux, kiosques…). Remplacement par du mobilier plus adapté.
Supply Bollards and Cabinets in Berlin – Urban Furniture for Public Spaces
Thieme GmbH•2022•Thieme Stadtmobiliar
Bornes et armoires d'alimentation (eau, électricité) pour les espaces publics à Berlin. Parc Gleisdreieck, Mauerpark, Tempelhofer Feld.
Hacking Urban Furniture – Rethinking Public Space
ZK/U Berlin•2022•ZK/U – Center for Art and Urbanistics
Critique du mobilier urbain comme outil d'exploitation économique. Alternatives coopératives et participatives à Berlin.
Seeing Streetscapes as Social Infrastructure: Hornsbergs Strand, Stockholm
Cogitatio Press / Urban Planning•2022•Cogitatio Press
Étude de cas à Stockholm : le mobilier et l'aménagement des rives comme infrastructure sociale. Interaction et bien-être.
Designguide för Smarta gator (Smart Streets Design Guide)
KTH, Chalmers, White Arkitekter•2022•Chalmers University of Technology
Guide de conception des rues intelligentes en Suède : multifonctionnalité, piétons, vélos, végétalisation, mobilier.
Smarta gator på Södermalm – White Arkitekter
White Arkitekter•2022•White Arkitekter
Projet Smarta gator (rues intelligentes) à Södermalm, Stockholm. Conception multifonctionnelle et mobilier.
GuĂa para la regulaciĂłn de sistemas de monopatines y bicicletas sin anclaje compartidos en AmĂ©rica Latina
ITDP México, BID•2021•ITDP México / Inter-American Development Bank
Five-step regulatory framework for shared scooters and dockless bikes in Latin American cities (Bogotá, Mexico City, São Paulo). Parking, curb use, and equity.
Fighting for Curb Space: Parking, Ride-Hailing, Urban Freight Deliveries, and Other Users
Kathryn Lewis, Lin, Zhang, Rodier, Jaller – UC Davis•2021•UC Davis Institute of Transportation Studies
Optimal allocation of scarce curb space among parking, ride-hail, freight. San Francisco case study, SUMO simulation.
Understanding Curb Management and Targeted Incentive Policies for TNC Pooling and Transit
UC Berkeley TSRC•2021•UC Berkeley
Strategies to increase TNC pooling and public transit linkages. Photovoice methodology.
Évolution du stationnement et nouveaux usages de l'espace public
APUR•2021•APUR
Stationnement et usages de l'espace public Ă Paris. Contexte pour le mobilier et la voirie.
Coordinated Street Furniture Franchise Annual Report
NYC DOT•2021•City of New York
Rapport annuel sur la franchise de mobilier urbain : abris, kiosques, revenus, entretien.
Street and Park Trees – Management and Planting
Berlin Senate Department for the Environment•2021•State of Berlin
Gestion des arbres d'alignement et de parcs Ă Berlin. Objectifs et entretien du patrimoine vert urbain.
Maximizing Curb Space: A Guide for Cities
NACTO•2020•NACTO
Strategies for managing curb space for multiple uses. Adopted by many top university cities.
Blueprint for Autonomous Urbanism
NACTO•2019•NACTO
Framework for how cities should prepare streets and curb space for autonomous vehicles.
Blueprint for Autonomous Urbanism
NACTO•2019•NACTO
Framework for how cities should prepare streets and curb space for autonomous vehicles.
NACTO Guidelines for Regulating Shared Micromobility
NACTO•2019•NACTO
Best practices for cities regulating shared bikes and e-scooters: parking corrals, geofencing, data, equity, safety, and curb allocation for dockless mobility.
5 Ways Brazilian Cities Are Regulating Electric Scooters
TheCityFix (WRI)•2019•World Resources Institute / TheCityFix
How Brazilian cities are managing e-scooter disruption: parking rules, fleet caps, permitted zones, and curb allocation lessons for Latin America.
Decree Regulating the Use of Electric Scooters in Rio de Janeiro
Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro•2019•City of Rio de Janeiro
Decree 46.181: parking on sidewalks ≥2.5m wide, speed limits, permitted zones, and operator registration. Reference for curb and sidewalk management of e-scooters.
Pushed from the Curb: Optimizing Curb Space by Ride-Sourcing Vehicles
UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies•2019•UCLA ITS
Curb occupancy productivity: parking vs ride-hailing in Los Angeles. Policy brief.
Parking and the City
Donald Shoup•2018•Routledge
Foundational analysis on parking economics, pricing, turnover, and policy. Collection of essays on improving parking management.
Parking and the City
Donald Shoup•2018•Routledge
Foundational analysis on parking economics, pricing, turnover, and policy. Collection of essays on improving parking management.
Curb Appeal: Curbside Management Strategies
NACTO•2017•NACTO
Guide for cities to manage curbside space for transit, deliveries, and passenger pick-up/drop-off.
Curb Appeal: Curbside Management Strategies
NACTO•2017•NACTO
Guide for cities to manage curbside space for transit, deliveries, and passenger pick-up/drop-off.
Transit Street Design Guide
NACTO•2016•NACTO
Guide for designing streets that prioritize transit, including curbside bus stops and boarding areas.
Transit Street Design Guide
NACTO•2016•NACTO
Guide for designing streets that prioritize transit, including curbside bus stops and boarding areas.
Global Street Design Guide
Global Designing Cities Initiative / NACTO•2016•NACTO
Standards mondiaux pour la conception des rues et espaces publics. Exemples Paris, NYC, Copenhague, etc.
Pricing Parking by Demand: Assessing Price Adjustments in the SFpark Program
UCLA•2013•UCLA Institute of Transportation Studies
Dynamic curb parking pricing in San Francisco. 60–80% block occupancy targets.
Urban Street Design Guide
NACTO (member cities include Ivy League / top university cities)•2013•NACTO
Designing urban streets: parking, loading, transit, cycling. Curb and street allocation.
Urban Street Design Guide
NACTO•2013•NACTO
Guide de conception des rues : mobilier, trottoirs, espaces publics. Référence US pour l'aménagement.
The High Cost of Free Parking
Donald Shoup•2011•Routledge
Comprehensive analysis of parking economics
Cruising for Parking
Donald Shoup•2006•University of California Transportation Center
8–74% of traffic in congested downtowns cruises for parking. Fuel waste and congestion.
The High Cost of Free Parking
Donald Shoup•2005•Routledge
Seminal text on how free parking distorts cities and mobility. Updated edition (2011) includes political strategies for reform.
The High Cost of Free Parking
Donald Shoup•2005•Routledge
Seminal text on how free parking distorts cities and mobility. Updated edition (2011) includes political strategies for reform.
Cashing in on Curb Parking
Donald Shoup•1994•University of California Transportation Center
Foundational curb parking economics. UC Transportation Center.
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